Maitiro Ekuvandudza Kuchengetedzeka Kwevarwere Nemachira Ekuraswa Muchipatara

Nzvimbo dzezvipatara dzinowanzo gara dzine mabhakitiriya ane njodzi, zvichiita kuti kudzora hutachiona kuve dambudziko rinogara riripo. Ongororo dzinoratidza kuti hutachiona hune chekuita nehutano (HCAIs) hunokanganisa kusvika ku7.6% yevarwere munyika dzakabudirira uye hunosvika 19.1% munzvimbo dziri kusimukira. Maketeni echinyakare ejira anogona kuva nehutachiona hwakadai se Acinetobacter baumannii kwemwedzi yakawanda, zvichiwedzera njodzi. Maketeni anoraswa ezvipatara kurerutsa mabasa ehutsanana, zvichipa nzira yakachengeteka uye yakavimbika yekuderedza kusvibiswa.

Zvinhu Zvinokosha Zvaunofanira Kuziva

• Maketeni echipatara anoraswa kuderedza njodzi dzehutachiona nekuva vakachena kupfuura machira.
• Kudzidzisa vashandi kuti vatsive machira nemazvo kunoita kuti varwere vagare vakachengeteka.
• Zvinhu zvakakosha zviri mumaketeni aya zvinomisa mabhakitiriya, zvichiita kuti zvipatara zvive zvakachena uye varwere vanzwe vakasununguka.

Njodzi Dzinowanzoonekwa dzeKutapukirwa muZvipatara

Basa reNzvimbo Dzakasvibiswa Mukupararira kweUtachiona

Nzvimbo dzezvipatara dzakazara nenzvimbo dzinobata-bata dzinogona kushanda senzvimbo dzinochengetera utachiona hunokuvadza. Nzvimbo idzi, kubva pamibhedha kusvika kukhibhodi dzemakombiyuta, dzinowanzo gara dzakasvibiswa pasinei nekucheneswa nguva dzose. Chidzidzo chakaburitswa mu Chinyorwa cheAmerica cheKudzora Utachiona vakawana kuti mabhakitiriya anoramba aripo panzvimbo idzi, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwehutachiona hunokonzerwa nehutano.

Utachiona hwakaita se Clostridium difficile uye hutachiona hweHepatitis B (HBV) zvinonyanya kukonzera matambudziko. C. zvakaoma inogona kurarama pamusoro penzvimbo kusvika kumwedzi mishanu, ukuwo HBV ichiramba iripo kwemazuva manomwe. Zvinhu zvinowanzobatwa nazvo zvinosanganisira macommodes, magumbeze, uye macuffs eropa. Munzvimbo dziri pedyo nevarwere vane hutachiona, huwandu hwekusvibiswa kwehutachiona hwe C. zvakaoma inogona kusvika pa58%. Kuramba kuripo uku kunoratidza kukosha kwemaitiro ekuuraya utachiona zvakakwana.

Nzvimbo dzinobata-bata zvakanyanya, dzakadai semabhatani epombi yeinfusion uye simbi dziri padivi pemubhedha, dzinopa dambudziko rakasiyana. Nzvimbo idzi dzinowanzo shandiswa nevarwere nevashandi vehutano, zvichiwedzera njodzi yekusvibiswa kwehutachiona. Kuchenesa hutachiona zuva nezuva kunogona kuderedza kuwanda kwehutachiona mumaoko evashandi vehutano, asi kuoma kwekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzisina tsvina munzvimbo dzakabatikana muzvipatara kuchiri chipingamupinyi chikuru.

Zano: Makamuri ane mibhedha yemunhu mumwe chete anogona kubatsira kuderedza njodzi dzehutachiona nekuderedza huwandu hwenzvimbo dzakasvibiswa dzinogovaniswa pakati pevarwere.

Nei Maketeni Echinyakare Ari Nyaya Yehutsanana?

Maketeni echinyakare ejira, anowanzo furatirwa panguva yekuchenesa, anogona kuva nehutachiona hune njodzi. Kunyangwe kana achiita seakachena, maketeni aya anogona kunge aine mabhakitiriya asingarapike mishonga senge MRSA. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) inokurudzira kuchenesa maketeni kana akasviba zvinoonekwa, mushure mekudururwa kwemvura, uye nguva dzose zvichienderana nenjodzi yekusvibiswa. Zvisinei, nhungamiro idzi hadzitevedzwe nguva dzose nekuda kwenguva shoma kana nzira dzisina kukwana dzekuchenesa.

Zvirwere zvinosanganisirwa nezvipatara (HAIs) zviri kuramba zvichibatanidzwa nemachira ekuchengetedza hutano, kusanganisira machira ekuchengetedza ruzivo rwemunhu. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti kunyange maketeni anorwisa utachiona zvinogona kusvibiswa nekufamba kwenguva. Zvinhu zvinosvibisa zvisingaoneki, dzimwe nguva zvinonzi "fecal patina," zvinogona kukonzera kusakwana kwemaitiro ekuchenesa. Izvi zvinoita kuti maketeni echinyakare ave chinhu chinogona kukonzera utachiona, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine njodzi huru dzakadai semakamuri ekuchengetwa kwevarwere vane chirwere chakakomba uye mawadhi ekuvhiyiwa.

Maketeni anoraswa ezvipataraanopa mhinduro inoshanda padambudziko iri. Kusiyana nemachira ejira, akagadzirirwa kutsiviwa zviri nyore, zvichiita kuti pave nenzvimbo yakachena uye yakachena. Nekubatanidza machira acho. Keteni rinoraswaZvichienderana nemitemo yehutsanana muzvipatara, zvipatara zvinogona kuderedza zvakanyanya njodzi dzekutapukirwa uku zvichiwedzera kuchengetedzeka kwevarwere.

Mabhenefiti eMaketeni Anoraswa muZvipatara

Kutsiva uye Kugadzirisa Zviri Nyore

Maketeni anoraswa anorerutsa maitiro ekuchengetedza nzvimbo yakachena muchipatara. Kusiyana nemaketeni echinyakare, ayo anoda kuwachwa uye nguva refu yekuomesa, maketeni anoraswa anogona kutsiviwa mumaminitsi mashoma. Kuchinja uku nekukurumidza kunobatsira zvikuru munzvimbo dzinodiwa zvakanyanya senge mawadhi ekukurumidzira nemakamuri ekuparadzanisa.

Zvipatara zvakatora nzira dzehutano mushure medenda dzinoraira kuti maketeni achinjwe nguva nenguva, kazhinji mavhiki matanhatu kusvika gumi nemaviri ega ega. Maketeni anoraswa anosangana nezvinodiwa izvi zviri nyore, zvichiita kuti zvionekwe kuti mitemo yekudzivirira hutachiona inoenderana. Magadzirirwo awo akareruka anoita kuti zvive nyore kubata nawo, zvichideredza kushushikana kwevashandi panguva yekutsiva.

Zano: Masisitimu epulley anoshanda otomatiki anogona kuwedzera kugadzirisa shanduko dzemaketeni, zvichichengetedza nguva nemari yevashandi.

Kubatanidzwa muMitemo Yehutano hweChipatara

Maketeni anoraswa anobatanidzwa zvakanaka mumitemo yehutsanana hwechipatara, zvichivandudza matanho ekudzivirira hutachionaZvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti 92% yemaketeni anogona kushandiswazve anosvibiswa nemabhakitiriya mukati mevhiki, zvichikonzera njodzi huru. Kusiyana neizvi, maketeni anouraya utachiona anoraswa anoramba aine mwero wakaderera wekusvibiswa, ne 0.56 CFU chete zvichienzaniswa ne 32.6 CFU pamaketeni akajairwa.

Zvipatara zvakachinja kushandisa machira anoraswa zvinoshuma kudzikira kwe30% muhuwandu hwehutachiona. Kuvandudzwa uku kunoratidza kushanda kwazvo mukuderedza kusvibiswa kwemasero. Nekuisa machira anoraswa muhurongwa hwekuchenesa nguva dzose, nzvimbo dzehutano dzinogona kugadzira nzvimbo dzakachengeteka dzevarwere nevashandi.

Kuvandudza Kuvanzika uye Kunyaradzwa kweMurwere

Kuchengetedzwa kwepachivande chinhu chakakosha pakutarisira varwere, uye machira anoraswa anogona kupa rubatsiro urwu. Ongororo yakaitwa muna 2022 yakaratidza kuti 89% yevarwere vanoona machira epachivande akakosha kuti vanyarare uye varemekedzwe. Mumakamuri anoshandiswa nevanhu vakawanda uye mumadhipatimendi ekukurumidzira, machira aya anogadzira nzvimbo dzepachivande panguva yekuongororwa kana kurapwa, zvichiita kuti varwere vanzwe vakachengeteka.

Maketeni anoraswa anobatsirawo kuti pave nenzvimbo inoyevedza. Chitarisiko chawo chitsva, chakanaka chinopenya makamuri echipatara, zvichikurudzira kunzwa kwerunyararo uye kugutsikana pakati pevarwere. "Printed Colorful Hospital Disposable Curtain" yaEsun inosanganisa mashandiro nerunako, ichipa maprinti akajeka anovandudza mamiriro ekurapa.

• Varwere vanokoshesa machira ekuchengetedza runyararo rwevanhu kuitira kuchengetedza rukudzo panguva yekubvunzana.
• Maketeni anoraswa anovimbisa mamiriro ekunze akachena uye anogamuchira, zvichiwedzera kugutsikana kwemurwere.
• Munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda, vanopa mhinduro dzinokurumidza uye dzinoshanda dzekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzemunhu.

Cherechedza: Maketeni anoraswa akanakira kugara kwenguva pfupi, senge makiriniki ekunze, uko kunofanira kucheneswa nguva nenguva.

Hunhu hweAntimicrobial mumaketeni anoraswa

Kudzivirira Kukura kweMabhakitiriya

Zvipatara zvinogara zvichirwisa kusvibiswa kwebhakitiriya, kunyanya panzvimbo dzinobatwa zvakanyanya. Maketeni anoraswa ezvipatara zvine hunhu hwehutachiona hwehutachiona anopa mhinduro ine simba. Maketeni aya anowanzo kuve nesirivha kana quaternary ammonium chloride (QACs), iyo inorwisa mabhakitiriya zvakanyanya. Kuongororwa kwemurabhoritari, kwakadai seISO 20743, kunoratidza kuti maketeni aya anogona kuderedza hutachiona kusvika ku99.9%.

Zvidzidzo zvekiriniki zvinoratidza kushanda kwazvo mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo. Maketeni akabatanidzwa neQACs anoderedza zvakanyanya mutoro wehutachiona zvichienzaniswa nemaketeni akajairwa. Kutaura zvazviri, zvipatara zvinoshandisa maketeni aya zvakashuma kudzikira kwe93% mukusvibiswa kwehutachiona hwese. Dziviriro iyi yakawedzerwa zvinoreva kushomeka kwekutsiva uye nzvimbo yakachengeteka yevarwere nevashandi.

• Maketeni anorwisa utachiona ane sirivha neQACs dzinorwisa mabhakitiriya.
• Kuongororwa kwemurabhoritari kunosimbisa kudzikira kwe99.9% kwehutachiona.
• Mamiriro ekurapa anoratidza kudzikira kwe93% mukusvibiswa kwehutachiona.

Zano: Kusarudza machira anouraya utachiona anogona kuraswa anogona kubatsira zvipatara kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzakachena pasina kushanda nesimba.

Kutsigira Matanho Ekudzivirira Utachiona

Maketeni anorwisa utachiona anoraswa nyore nyore anoita basa guru mukudzivirira hutachiona. Ongororo dzakaenzanisa kukura kwebhakitiriya pamaketeni echinyakare neeanorwisa utachiona dzinoratidza musiyano mukuru. Maketeni ane hunhu hwehutachiona anotora nguva yakareba kuti asvibiswe, zvichiita kuti kuwacha nekutsiva kushoma.

Nekuderedza huwandu hwehutachiona, maketeni aya anotsigira mitemo yehutsanana muchipatara uye anovandudza kuchengetedzeka kwevarwere. Kugona kwavo kugara vakachena kwenguva yakareba kunoita kuti ive sarudzo inodhura uye inoshanda yezvipatara.

Maitiro Ekubatsirana Pakuita Basa

Vashandi Vanodzidzisa Kutsiva Maketeni Akakodzera

Kudzidziswa kwakakodzera kunoita kuti vashandi vechipatara vagone kutsiva machira anoraswa zviri nyore uye zvine hutsanana. Vashandi vazhinji vehutano havazivi kuti machira anofanira kuchinjwa kangani kana kuti nzira dzakakodzera dzekuita izvozvo. Zvidzidzo zvenguva dzose zvinogona kuvhara mukaha uyu. Zvidzidzo izvi zvinofanira kutarisa pakudzidzisa vashandi maitiro ekubata machira pasina kuparadzira tsvina. Kuratidzira kunogona kuratidza nzira chaiyo yekubvisa machira akamboshandiswa uye kuisa matsva pasina kubata nzvimbo dzisina tsvina.

Zvipatara zvinogonawo kushandisa zvinhu zvinoonekwa zvakaita semaposta kana nhungamiro dzematanho munzvimbo dzekuchengetera zvinhu. Zviyeuchidzo izvi zvinobatsira kusimbisa nzira dzakanakisisa dzekushandisa. Semuenzaniso, vashandi vanofanira kuziva kuti machira emuzvipatara anoraswa akagadzirirwa kutsiviwa nekukurumidza uye nyore. Izvi zvinoderedza nguva yekuzorora uye zvinoita kuti makamuri evarwere agadzirike nekukurumidza.

Zano: Kupa nhengo dzechikwata chimwe chete basa rekutarisira kutsiva machira kunogona kuvandudza mutoro uye kugara kwenguva refu.

Rutsigiro rweVatungamiriri veMagadzirirwo Ekudzivirira Kutapukirwa

Rutsigiro rwakasimba rwehutungamiriri runoita basa guru mukuchengetedza matanho ekudzivirira hutachionaVatungamiriri vezvipatara vanofanira kuisa zvinhu zvakakosha pakudzivirira hutachiona, kusanganisira kushandisa machira anoraswa. Nekupa bhajeti remachira emhando yepamusoro, vanogona kuderedza njodzi yezvirwere zvine chekuita nehutano (HAIs).

Vatungamiriri vanogonawo kushandisa mitemo inokurudzira kuchinja machira nguva nenguva. Semuenzaniso, kushandisa hydrogen peroxide pamachira ecubicle kwakaratidzwa kuderedza utachiona ne98.5%. Machira anoraswa anorerutsa maitiro aya sezvo anogona kutsiviwa nekukurumidza mushure mekushandisa. Kuwedzera kuedza kuchenesa uye kutsiva machira kakawanda kunogona kuderedza njodzi dzehutachiona.

• Zvipatara zvinoshuma kuti HAI shoma mushure mekushandisa machira anoraswa.
• Maketeni anoraswa ari kuwana mukurumbira nekuda kwekushandiswa kwawo nyore uye kushanda kwawo.

Kushanda pamwe chete pakati pevatungamiriri nevashandi kunoita kuti mhinduro idzi dzishande uye dzirambe dziripo. Kana munhu wese akashanda pamwe chete, zvipatara zvinogona kugadzira nzvimbo dzakachengeteka dzevarwere nevashandi vehutano.

Maketeni anoraswa ezvipatara ari kuchinja kudzora hutachiona muhutano. Hunhu hwavo hwehutachiona uye nzira iri nyore yekutsiva inoita kuti zvive nyore. Zvipatara zvinoshandisa maketeni aya zvinogadzira nzvimbo dzakachena dzevarwere nevashandi. Nekuisa hutsanana pakutanga, zvinoderedza njodzi uye zvinovandudza kuchengetedzeka kune wese munhu anopinda nepamasuo avo.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Chii chinoita kuti maketeni emuchipatara anoraswa ave nani pane maketeni echinyakare ejira?

Maketeni anoraswa ari nyore kutsiva, ane hutsanana, uye anowanzova nehutachiona. Anoderedza njodzi dzehutachiona uye anochengetedza nguva yevashandi vechipatara.

Maketeni emuchipatara anofanira kuchinjwa kangani?

Zvipatara zvinowanzo tsiva zvipatara izvi mushure memavhiki matanhatu kusvika gumi nemaviri kana kupfuura munzvimbo dzine njodzi huru. Kutsiva zvipatara nguva nenguva kunoita kuti varwere nevashandi vagare vakachena uye vakachengeteka.

Maketeni eEsun anogona kuchinjika here kana akaraswa?

Ehe! Esun inopa madhizaini akajeka uye akadhindwa anojekesa nzvimbo dzechipatara. Maketeni aya anosanganisa mashandiro nerunako, zvichigadzira mamiriro ekugamuchira nemufaro kune varwere.

Zano: Sarudza mishonga inorwisa utachiona kuti udzivirire mabhakitiriya nezvimwe zvirwere.